Teumanga pahuka rehukua pāngia e ngā panonitanga nui hei whakautu i ngā ture hou e aro ana ki te whakaiti i te pānga taiao o ngā matū ahumahi. Ko tētahi o ngā kaupapa matua o ēnei ture ko te whakakore i ngā hydrofluorocarbons kino (HFCs) hei whakamahi i ngā momo pai ake mō te taiao pērā i ngā hydrofluoroolefin (HFO). Mena kei roto koe i te umanga pahuka rehu, he mea nui kia whakarite kia tutuki i ō kaihoko pahuka ēnei ture kia kore ai e whiua, kia whai wāhi atu hoki ki tētahi heke mai pumau ake.
Te Mārama ki te Huringa mai i ngā HFC ki ngā HFO
I te tau 2021, i whakatinanahia e te Hononga o Amerika ngā ture pakari hei whakakore i ngā HFC, arā, ngā matū i hangaia mai i ngā ngota fluorine me te hauwai. Kua whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā HFC i roto i ngā kai pupuhi mō ngā piripiri tuanui pahuka rehu me ngā rauemi whakamahana nā te mea he pai rawa te ātete ki te wera (uara-R). Heoi, nā te kaha nui o te mahana o te ao (GWP) me ōna āhuatanga whakangaro-ozone kua ara ake ngā āwangawanga mō te taiao.
He nui hoki ngā HFC i roto i ngā pūnaha hauhautanga me ngā pūnaha pouaka whakamātao, ā, he nui te pānga ki ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi. Hei wāhanga o te kaupapa whānui hei whakaiti i te huringa āhuarangi, me huri ngā ahumahi ki ngā kai pupuhi HFO. Ko ngā HFO, ko ngā hydrofluoroolefin rānei, he whakatupuranga hou o ngā kai pupuhi e tuku ana i ētahi painga taiao:
1. Kore e Mura: Kāore ngā HFO e mura, e whakarei ake ana i te haumaru i te wā e whakamahia ana, e rongoatia ana hoki.
2. Kore Pūmanawa Whakaiti Ozone (ODP): Kāore ngā HFC e whakaiti i te paparanga ozone, ā, he pai ake te whakamahi hei whiringa pumau.
3. Te Pūmanawa Whakamahana Ao Iti (GWP): He iti ake te GWP o ngā HFO ki te whakatauritea ki ngā HFC, ā, ka whakaitihia te pānga whānui ki te taiao.
Ngā Painga o ngā Ākena Pupuhi HFO i roto iPahuka Rehu
He momo pupuhi ā-tinana ngā kaihopu pupuhi HFO, arā, ka mimiti i te wera i te wā e whakaputa huka ana. Nā tēnei tauhohenga werawera ka hua ake he huka he iti ake te hanganga pūtau, ka whakarei ake i te āhua me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te huka. Nā ēnei āhuatanga ka tino pai ngā HFO mō ngā tono e hiahia ana ki te mahi whakamahana pai ake.
Haunga ōna painga taiao, ka whai wāhi ngā pūngao pupuhi HFO ki te ātete wera pai ake (uara-R), ā, ka āwhina i ngā whare ki te pupuri i te whai huatanga o te pūngao. I te mea e whakanuia ana e te umanga hanga te oranga tonutanga, ko te whakamahi i te hangarau pūngao pupuhi HFO he taahiraa nui ki mua i te whakaiti i tōna pānga ki te mahana o te ao.
Te Whakapūmau i te Whakatutukitanga ki ngā Ture
Hei whakatutuki i ngā ture hou, he mea nui kia arotakehia ngā pūwero pupuhi e whakamahia ana i roto i ō hua pahuka rehu. Mā te neke ki ngā pūwero pupuhi HFO ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga ture, engari ka whakatū hoki i tō pakihi hei kaiārahi i roto i ngā mahi tauwhiro.
Anei ētahi mahi hei whakarite kia tutukihia ngā whakaritenga:
- Kia Mōhio Tonu: Kia mōhio tonu ki ngā ture me ngā paerewa ahumahi e pā ana ki ngā kaipupuhi.
- Arotakehia ō Hua: Whakahaerehia he aromatawai hōhonu o ō hua o nāianei kia kitea ai ngā hua e whakamahi ana i ngā HFC.
- Huri ki ngā HFO: Huri mārire ki ngā pūnga pupuhi HFO, me te whakamahi i ngā painga taiao me te mahi.
- Whakaakohia tō Rōpū: Whakangunguhia ō kaimahi ki ngā painga me ngā tikanga whakamahinga o ngā pūwero pupuhi HFO kia maeneene ai te whakawhiti.
Mā te whakamahi i ngā pūwero pupuhi HFO, ka taea e koe te whakarite kia tutuki ō hua pahuka rehu i ngā ture, me te whai wāhi atu ki te hanga taiao hauora ake. Ehara i te mea ka whakaiti noa i ngā mōrearea ture tēnei huarahi matatau, engari ka hāngai hoki i tō pakihi ki te pikinga o te hiahia mō ngā otinga hanga whare pumau.
Wā tuku: Hurae-22-2024