Polyurethanepahuka mārōKo tētahi o ngā rauemi whakamahana e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te umanga pouaka whakamātao. Mai i ngā pouaka whakamātao me ngā pouaka tio o te whare ki ngā wae rokiroki makariri arumoni, ka whakaratohia e te pahuka pakari polyurethane he whakamahana wera pai rawa atu, he pai te whai hua o te pūngao, me te roa. Te mārama ki tete tukanga whakaputa o te pahuka mārō polyurethanehe mea nui mō ngā kaihanga e rapu ana i te kounga pumau, ā, ko tētahi wāhanga nui o tēnei tukanga ko te whiriwhiri tika ingā whakakorikori polyurethane.
1. Ngā Rauemi Mata me te Hanganga
Ko te hanga o te pahuka mārō polyurethane mō ngā pouaka whakamātao ka tīmata me ngā rauemi mata kua tīpakohia kia āta tirohia:
- Ngā Polyol– hei rauemi turanga, hei whakatau i ngā āhuatanga pahuka pēnei i te mātotoru me te kaha pēhi.
- Ngā Isocyanate– ko te MDI pūmua (pMDI) te tikanga, ka tauhohe ki ngā polyol hei hanga hononga urethane.
- Ngā kai pupuhi– pērā i te pentane, i ngā HFO rānei e pai ana mō te taiao, e hanga ana i te hanganga pūtau o te pahuka.
- Ngā Tāpiri– tae atu ki ngā ārai mura, ngā matū horoi, me ngā mea whakau.
- Ngā whakakorikori polyurethane– he mea nui mō te whakahaere i te tauhohenga me te tere o te whakamaroke o te pūnaha.
2. Te Hiranga o ngā Whakakōkī Polyurethane
I roto i ngā whakamahinga pouaka whakamātao, me rite te tukanga pahukapumau, ōrite, ā, ka taea te whakahaerehei whakarite i te mahi ātete pumau me te pumau o ngā āhuatanga.Ngā whakakorikori polyurethanehei whakataurite i te tauhohenga i waenga i te isocyanate me te polyol (tauhohenga urethane) me te tauhohenga wai-isocyanate (tauhohenga urea).
E whakamahia whānuitia anangā whakakorikori aminewhakauru:
- Te Triethylenediamine (TEDA)– ka whakarato i te kaha o te whakapūpū, ka whakateretere i te hanganga o te urethane, ā, ka whakarite kia pai te whakapakeke o te pahuka.
- Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)– ka whakataurite i ngā tauhohenga pahuka me te whakapiripiri, kia ōrite ai te hanganga pūtau.
- Te Dimorpholine diethyl ether (DMDEE)– ka whakaroa i te tauhohenga, ka roa ake te wā kirīmi, ā, ka whakapai ake i te whakahaere tukanga.
Ngā whakakorikori whakarewaKo ngā matū rewa pēnei i te stannous octoate, te dibutyltin dilaurate rānei, e whakamahia tahitia ana me ngā whakakorikori amine hei whakapai ake i te whakamaroke me te whakatutuki i te wā kore-taka e hiahiatia ana.
Te whiriwhiri i te huinga tika ongā whakakorikori amine me te konganukuka taea:
- Whakahaerehia te pikinga o te pahuka.
- Ārai i ngā āputa me te hinga i te wā e pupuhi ana.
- Kia tino piri ki ngā pakitara o te kāpata pouaka whakamātao.
- Arotauhia ngā wā huringa i roto i ngā raina whakaputa tonu me ngā raina whakaputa motumotu.
3. Te Whakaranu me te Ine
I roto i te hanga pahuka pouaka whakamātao, he tikataputapu ineKa whakaranua te polyol, te isocyanate, te kai pupuhi, te surfactant, te aukati mura, me ngā whakakorikori i te ōwehenga tika. Mā te rerekētanga ka hua ake ngā rerekētanga mātotoru, te piri ngoikore, te mimiti rānei.
Ka werohia ngā wāhanga kua whakaranua ki roto i te kāpata o te pouaka whakamātao, i te pokepoke tatau rānei. I tēnei wā, ko tetauhohenga polyurethaneKa tīmata tonu, ā, ka whai wāhi ngā whakakorikori ki te whakahaere i te wā kirīmi, te wā piki, me te kōtaha whakamaroke.
4. Te Whakahuka me te Whakaora
I roto i tewāhanga pahuka, ka whakawhanui te kaihopu pupuhi, ka hanga he hanganga pai, he pūtau-kati. Ka whakahaeretia e ngā whakakorikori amine te tere o te pahuka, ko ngā whakakorikori whakarewa ia ka whakatairanga i te hononga whakawhiti, ka hua ake he pahuka kaha, he pahuka mārō.
Tikakōwhiringa whakakorikorie whakarite ana:
- Ka horapa ōrite te pahuka kia whakakīia te kōhao katoa.
- He pai te piri o te pahuka ki ngā mata whakarewa, kirihou, mea hiato rānei.
- He tino pai te ārai wera (he iti te uara λ) me te kaha ā-ringa o te pahuka whakamutunga.
5. Te Mana Kounga me te Whakamātautau Mahi
I muri i te whakamaroke, ka whakamatautauria te pahuka o te pouaka whakamātao mō:
- Te matotoru me te hanganga pūtau
- Te kaha o te piri
- Te kawe wera
- Te pumau o te āhua
Mā te whakahaere kounga pumau ka tutuki i ngā pouaka whakamātao ā rātou whakatauranga whai huatanga pūngao e hiahiatia ana.
Whakamutunga
Tete tukanga whakaputa pahuka mārō polyurethane mō ngā pouaka whakamātaoe whakawhirinaki ana ki te whiriwhiri tika me te whakakotahitanga ongā whakakorikori polyurethaneMā te whakamahi i ngā whakakōkī amine pērā i te triethylenediamine, te pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, me te dimorpholine diethyl ether—me ngā whakakōkī konganuku—ka taea e ngā kaihanga te whakatutuki i tētahi tukanga pahuka pumau, te hanganga pūtau pai ake, me te tere whakamaroke pai ake.
He tohunga a Mingxu New Materials ki te whakarato i ngā taputapu mahi-teiteingā whakakorikori polyurethanemō ngā pūnaha pahuka pouaka whakamātao. Ka taea e tā mātou whānuitanga o ngā whakakōkī amine me te whakarewa te āwhina i ngā kaihanga ki te whakapai ake i te pai o te tukanga, te whakaiti i ngā hapa, me te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga uaua o te whakamarumaru pouaka whakamātao hou.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-17-2025