The key role of polyurethane catalysts in the production of spray foam insulation materials

Ko te kaupapa whakaputa o ngā rauemi whakamahana pahuka rehu

Ko te Whakamarumaru Huka Rehu (SPF) he rauemi whakamahana matatau i hangaia mā te whakaranu tika i ngā wāhanga matua e rua – te kapia polyol me te isocyanate. Ina whakaranua ēnei wāhanga wai e rua ki roto i tētahi taputapu rehu motuhake, ka puta he tauhohenga matū tere i raro i te mahi a te whakakorikori, ā, ka tukuna te hau waro hauhā i te wā kotahi, ka whakawhanui te ranunga 30-60 ngā wā i roto i te 10-15 hēkona, ā, ka mutu ka hangaia he pahuka polyurethane me ngā āhuatanga whakamahana tino pai.
E rua ngā tauhohenga matua o tēnei tukanga matū:
1. Tauhohenga tiēre: ka tauhohe te isocyanate ki te polyol hei hanga i te angaanga polymer polyurethane
2. Tauhohenga pahuka: ka tauhohe te isocyanate ki te wai hei whakaputa hau waro hauhā

He mahi tino pai oMXC-BDMAwhakakorikori

Ko tā mātou MXC-BDMA (N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, CAS 103-83-3) he whakakorikori amine tino whai hua kua arotauhia mō te pahuka rehu pakari, me ēnei painga matua e whai ake nei:

1. Te whakahaere tika i te tauhohenga

- E whakarato ana i te taurite tauhohenga pahuka/whakapūkara tino pai (ka taea te tika o te ōwehenga tauhohenga ki te ±3%)
- Ka whakarite kia pumau te pikinga o te pihi (te rerekētanga teitei whānui <5%)
- Ka urutau ki ngā pāmahana me te haumākū rerekē o te taiao (he pumau te mahi i waenga i te 5-35℃)

2. He kounga pahuka tino pai

- Ka hanga i tētahi hanganga pūtau-kati ōrite (ōwehenga pūtau-kati >90%)
- Ka whakahaerehia te whānui o te pūtau i roto i te awhe tino pai o te 100-300μm
- Ka whakanui ake i te kaha o te here ki te papa mā te 40% (whakamātautau ASTM D1623)

3. Ngā painga o te tukanga

- Ka whakanui ake i te rere o te wai i te tīmatanga mā te 25%, ka whakarite kia tino whakakīia ngā hanganga uaua
- Ka whakapotohia te wā whakamaroke mā te 15-20%, ka pai ake te whai huatanga o te hanga.
- Mā te whakamahi i te tauira iti te kakara (VOC<50μg/m³) ka pai ake te taiao mahi.

Ko te tūranga matua ongā whakakorikorii roto i te hanga SPF.

Hei "kaiārahi tauhohenga" o te hanga polyurethane, ka whakarite te pūnaha whakakorikori i te hanganga o te pahuka kounga teitei mā roto i ngā tikanga e toru:
1. Te whakahaere i te nekenekehanga:
- Whakahaere tika i te wā tīmatanga o te tauhohenga (15-30 hēkona te nuinga)
- Whakatikatikahia te pāmahana wera mōrahi (ko te tikanga ka whakahaerehia i te 140-160℃)
- Taurite te tere whakaputa hau me te tere whakaora polymer
2. Te arotautanga hanganga:
- Ko ngā whakakorikori amine (pērā i te MXC-BDMA) te mea nui hei hanga hau
- Ka whakahaeretia e ngā whakakorikori konganuku (pērā i te stannous octoate) te hononga whakawhiti polymer
- Mā te whakamahinga o te rauemi whakakotahi ka whiwhi i te hanganga pūwero tino pai
3. Te whakarei ake i te mahi:
- Whakapai ake i te pumau o ngā āhuatanga (te tere o te huringa rōrahi <1%)
- Arotau i te kawe wera (tae atu ki te 0.020-0.028W/m·K)
- Kaha ā-ringa kua whakarei ake (kaha pēhanga>150kPa)

Ngā otinga tono ahumahi

He tino pai te MXC-BDMA mō te hanga pahuka rehu i ngā wāhi e whai ake nei:

Te whakamarumaru o te whare

- Pūnaha whakamahana pakitara o waho
- Paparanga ārai wai mō te tuanui
- Kaupapa whakamahana rokiroki makariri

Ngā taputapu ahumahi

- He koti whakamahana paipa
- Te parenga whakamahana o te tāke
- Te whakamahana i ngā taputapu tukatuka

Taiao motuhake

- Hanganga taiao pāmahana iti (tae atu ki te 5℃)
- Te whakamahinga ki ngā wāhi haumākū teitei (RH>80%)
- Te rehu poutū o te mata me te tuanui

Tautoko hangarau ngaio

Ka whakaratohia e mātou ki ngā kaihanga pahuka rehu:
- Ratonga arotau tātai: Whakatikatikahia te pūnaha whakaterenga kia rite ki ngā tawhā o tō taputapu
- Tātaritanga tukanga: Whakatauhia ngā raruraru noa pēnei i te mimiti me te ngatata o te pahuka
- Whakamātautau tauira: Homai he kete whakamātautau 50-100g mō ngā whakamātautau iti
- Whakangungu hangarau: Whakahaerehia ngā wānanga hangarau whakaputa SPF i ia wā