He maha ngā momo kai e titoa ana te pahuka rehu, i roto i tana tukanga whakaputa, ko te kaihopu pupuhi tetahi o ngā kai tino nui, he mea nui mō te hanganga o te pahuka, te kawe wera o te rauemi, me te mea he hua taiao e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaihopu pupuhi. I ngā wā o mua, kua whakamahia pinepine ngā hydrofluorocarbons (HFCS) hei kaihopu pupuhi nā te mea he tino whai hua me te maha o ngā whakamahinga. Heoi, ko ngā āwangawanga taiao kei te aro atu ki ngā hydrofluoroolefins (HFOS), e kitea ana he huarahi kē atu e mau tonu ana te oranga.
Te Mārama ki te HFCNgā Ākena Pupuhi
Ko ngā HFCS tētahi o ngā matū rauropi maha i hangaia mai i te hauwai, te wheorine me te waro. He matū maha ngā whakamahinga o ngā HFCS ka taea te whakamahi mō te whakamatao me te whakamātao, ngā pūwero aerosol, me te hanga pahuka. Ahakoa kāore he kino ā-rohe o ngā HFCS, kua whakarōpūtia rātou hei hau kati kōtuhi tino kaha me te kaha nui ki te whakamahana ā-ao (GWP). He 15 ki te 29 tau te roa o te oranga o te hau, ā, i roto i taua wā ka mimiti i te wera, ka whai wāhi nui ki te whakamahana ā-ao. Ko te kaha o ngā HFCS ki te whakaiti i te ozone (ODP) he kore, he painga tēnei i ngā mea pupuhi tawhito pērā i ngā chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS). Heoi, kei tawhiti tonu rātou i te hoa taiao, nā te mea ka taea e ō rātou pānga ki te huringa āhuarangi te 100 ngā wā nui atu i te hauhā waro (CO₂).
Te Huringa ki te HFONgā Ākena Pupuhi
He matū waro kore-māku te HFO, he mea tito mai i te hauwai, te wheorine me te waro, ko te HFC ia he mea māku. Ko te Hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) he matū pupuhi hou i hangaia hei whakaiti i ngā ngoikoretanga taiao e pā ana ki te HFCS. Kei roto i ngā Hfos ngā hauwai, te wheorine, me ngā ngota waro rite tonu ki te HFCS, engari he tino rerekē te hanganga matū. Kāore i rite ki te HFCS, he tino iti te GWP o ngā Hfos, ā, kāore he ODP. Ko te tikanga tēnei kāore ngā Hfos e whakangaro i te paparanga ozone, ā, he iti noa iho te pānga ki te mahana o te ao. Hei tāpiri, he poto ake te roa o te ora o te HFO i te āhuarangi, e whakaiti ana i tōna pānga ki te taiao.
Te Whakataurite i ngā Ākena Pupuhi HFC me HFO i roto i te Pahuka Rehu
Mō te whakamahinga, he rite tonu te mahi a ngā matū pupuhi HFC me HFO i roto i te hanga pahuka. Heoi, he maha ngā painga o te HFO e waiho ai hei whiringa tuatahi:
Pānga ki te taiaoNā te kore ODP me te iti o te GWP, he iti ake te kino o ngā Hfos ki te taiao i ngā HFCS.
HaumaruKāore te HFO e mura, he iti te kawe hiko, kāore he paitini, ā, kāore e tuku i ngā matū waro pūngāwerewere (VOC), ā, ka tino whakarite i te kounga o te hau.
MahiKa mau tonu ngā āhuatanga whakamahana o te HFO e rite ana ki te HFC, kia pai ai te whakamahana o te pahuka.
Ko te akiaki ki te whakamahi i te hangarau pahuka rehu HFO te nekehanga hou ki te whakakore i ngā matū e mōhiotia ana ka kino ki te ozone me te āhuarangi, ā, ko te nekehanga ki ngā kaipupuhi HFO e whakaata ana i te nekehanga whānui o te umanga ki ngā mahi tauwhiro. I te piki haere o te pēhanga ture me te rapu a ngā kamupene i ngā otinga matomato, ko te HFO pea te whiringa paerewa mō ngā tono pahuka rehu, kia pai ai te whakamarumaru me te whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-08-2024