He rauemi whakamarumaru maha ngā mahi a te pahuka rehu i hangaia mā te tauhohenga matū i waenga i ngā wāhanga e rua, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko ngā taha A me B. Ko te taha B he ranunga o ngā polyol, e tauhohe ana ki ngā isocyanates hei whakaputa polyurethane, me ngā whakakorikori, ngā aukati mura, ngā kai pupuhi, me ngā surfactants. Ina whakaranua ēnei wāhanga, ka tauhohe, ka whānui, ka piki ake te rōrahi mā te 30 ki te 60 ngā wā. Mā tēnei whānui ka taea e te pahuka rehu te tango i te āhua o te papa e whakamahia ana, ka hanga he ārai kore hononga e whakapai ake ana i te whakamarumaru wera.
Ko te whai huatanga o te whakamarumaru pahuka rehu ka inehia i te nuinga o te wā mā tōna uara-R, e tohu ana i te ātete wera. Ko ngā uara-R teitei ake e pā ana ki te mahi whakamarumaru pai ake. Kei te wātea ngā pahuka polyurethane rehu i roto i ngā momo matotoru me ngā hanganga pūtau. Ko te pahuka rehu iti-kiato, e mōhiotia ana ko te SPF pūtau-tuwhera, he ngawari ake, he ngāwari ake, ko te pahuka kiato-nui, ko te SPF pūtau-kati rānei, he pakari, ā, he pai ake ngā āhuatanga whakamarumaru. I te 1.8 ki te 2 pauna ia putu kūpiko, ko te pahuka rehu pūtau-kati te uara-R teitei rawa atu o ngā rauemi whakamarumaru pahuka rehu e wātea ana i te hokohoko, he pai ake te kōwhiringa mō ngā tono whare e penapena ana i te pūngao.
Heoi, ko te hanga pahuka rehu pūtau-katia he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā matū pupuhi hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), e pā ana ki te kaha o te mahana o te ao. Ka taea e ēnei matū te whakakore i ngā painga āhuarangi e whakaratohia ana e ngā penapena pūngao mā te whakamahana. Hei whakatika i tēnei āwangawanga taiao, he maha ngā kaiwhakarato pahuka rehu kua neke ki tete waikuraoroorefin (HFO) ngā kaihoko pahuka mai i te tīmatanga o te tau 2017. He iti ake te kaha o ngā HFO ki te ārai i te mahana o te ao, ā, he huarahi kē atu e mau tonu ana, me te kore e whakararu i te mahi whakamahana o te pahuka.
Haunga ōna āheinga whakamahana, ka taea hoki e te pahuka rehu te mahi hei ārai hau whai hua, hei whakaiti i te turuturu o te hau, hei whai wāhi hoki ki te whai huatanga whānui o te pūngao o ngā whare. He tino whai hua tēnei āhuatanga i roto i ngā wāhi noho me ngā wāhi arumoni, ina he mea nui te pupuri i te pāmahana o roto kia whakahaeretia.
Te whakamahinga o ngā whakakorikori, pērā i teMXC-41me te MXC-BDMA, he mahi nui tā rātou i roto i te hanga pahuka rehu. Ka āwhina ēnei whakakorikori ki te whakatere i te tauhohenga i waenga i ngā polyol me ngā isocyanates, kia tere ai te hanganga pahuka me te whai hua. Mā te arotau i te tukanga whakamaroke, ka whakarei ake ēnei whakakorikori i te mahi me ngā āhuatanga tono o te pahuka rehu, ka waiho hei mea nui i roto i te umanga. Neke atu i te 20 tau te roa o te hītori o te Kamupene Matū Mingxu e hanga ana i te whakakorikori polyurethane, kei a mātou te huarahi tukanga pai rawa atu me te tīma ngaio, te whakahaere tika i te hanga makuku whakakorikori me te kukū mō te arotau i te mākete me te whakahou i ngā hua whakakorikori, he maha ngā taonga, nau mai ki ngā kiritaki ki te haere mai ki te kōrero.
Hei whakamutunga, he otinga whakamarumaru whai hua te pahuka rehu e whakakotahi ana i te ātete wera pai me ngā whanaketanga hoa-taiao. I te whanaketanga tonu o ngā whakatakotoranga me ngā whakakorikori auaha, he mea rongonui tonu te pahuka rehu mō ngā kaupapa hanga me ngā kaupapa whakahou e penapena ana i te pūngao.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-09-2024